A Closer Look at two Philosophical Trees
Two Dominant Trees (🌳) of Philosophy today. The Genealogy of Postmodernism 1. Ancient/Medieval Roots (the soil) - Sophists (Protagoras, Gorgias): “Man is the measure of all things.” Early relativists who doubted objective truth. - Skeptics (Pyrrho, Sextus Empiricus): Suspended judgment, argued certainty is impossible. - Nominalists ( Ockham ): Universals are just names, not real essences. A precursor to anti-essentialism. These are early shadows of the postmodern impulse: suspicion of universals, emphasis on perspective. 2. Early Modern Break (the trunk) - Descartes & Rationalism: “Cogito” sought indubitable foundations. Ironically, by making the subject central, he set the stage for questioning those foundations. - Kant : Split noumenon (things-in-themselves) vs. phenomenon (what we can know). This critical turn sowed the seeds of later relativism: we never grasp reality directly, only through categories. - Hegel: History and truth are dialectical — destabilizes static abs...